Mechanical · Machine and manufacturing · Final year project
Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage
A three-stage coil gun that launches a projectile without gunpowder. Capacitors discharge through three coils in sequence, each pulling the steel projectile forward with a magnetic field.
What is the Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage project?
A three-stage coil gun that launches a projectile without gunpowder. Capacitors discharge through three coils in sequence, each pulling the steel projectile forward with a magnetic field.
Key facts
- Branch
- Mechanical & Automobile Engineering; also suits Mechatronics, Instrumentation
- Type
- Final year project · Advanced
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 6 to 8 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹8,700 – ₹12,800
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage works
- The mild steel frame and fabrication forms the base that carries every other part, so it is designed first from the load and size of the machine.
- The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
- The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
Block diagram
Power
Rechargeable batteryStructure
Frame and mountsComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATmega328P microcontroller with base board | 1 | Is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs. | ₹350 |
| Push buttons and switches | 1 | Provide manual inputs and the power switch. | ₹40 |
| 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter | 1 | Shows readings, status and messages to the user. | ₹220 |
| Rechargeable battery (12 V 1.3–7 Ah) | 1 | Stores energy and supplies power when mains is absent. | ₹650 |
| Mild steel frame and fabrication | 1 | Forms the main structure that holds all parts. | ₹2,500 |
| Welding, cutting and machining labour | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹2,200 |
| Copper Coil | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Winding Core | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| MS/Iron Bullet | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Trigger | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Gun Handle | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Voltage Multiplier | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Adjustment Knob | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Mounts, screws, nuts and small hardware | 1 | Capacitors (assorted), enclosure, mounts and fasteners, resistors (assorted), diodes and PCB / breadboard. | ₹510 |
| Paint, finishing and workshop consumables | 1 | Project overhead | ₹600 |
| Transport of material | 1 | Project overhead | ₹400 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹8,700 – ₹12,800 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting; items marked * depend on the exact size or model chosen. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹8,700 – ₹12,800 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
Mechanical viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage project?
A three-stage coil gun that launches a projectile without gunpowder. Capacitors discharge through three coils in sequence, each pulling the steel projectile forward with a magnetic field.
Explain the working of your project in short.
The mild steel frame and fabrication forms the base that carries every other part, so it is designed first from the load and size of the machine. The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs. The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
Why is a microcontroller used in this project?
A microcontroller combines a CPU, memory and I/O pins on one chip, so a single low-cost IC can read sensors, make decisions in code and control loads without a computer.
Why is a pull-up resistor needed with a push button?
Without it the input pin floats and reads random values. The pull-up keeps it HIGH until the button connects it to ground.
Why is an I2C adapter used with the LCD?
It reduces the wiring from about 10 pins to 2 (SDA and SCL), leaving more controller pins free for sensors.
How do you calculate battery backup time?
Backup time (hours) ≈ battery capacity (Ah) × voltage × 0.8 efficiency ÷ load power (W). For example, 12 V 7 Ah at 20 W gives about 3.3 hours.
Why is mild steel used for the frame?
It is cheap, strong, easy to cut and weld and widely available. A frame of 25 mm square pipe is enough for most student models.
Which material did you select for the main parts and why?
Mild steel (MS) is used for the frame because it is strong, cheap, easy to cut and weld and available everywhere. Shafts are made of EN8 or bright mild steel for strength, and parts that do not carry load can be aluminium or acrylic to reduce weight.
What factor of safety did you take in your design?
A factor of safety of 2 to 3 is taken for static parts and 3 to 5 for parts under shock or fatigue loading. Allowable stress = yield strength ÷ factor of safety, and each part is checked against it.
How did you estimate the cost of the project?
The cost is the sum of raw material, bought-out parts, machining or fabrication and overheads. Our estimate for this model is about ₹8,700 to ₹12,800, depending on size, material and the workshop rates in your city.
Which manufacturing processes were used?
Cutting and grinding of sections, arc or MIG welding of the frame, drilling for mounting holes, followed by assembly, alignment and painting.
Is your system open-loop or closed-loop?
Mainly open-loop: the controller runs the actuators for a set time or number of steps. Adding a sensor for feedback would make it closed-loop and more accurate.
Related projects
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Want to build Electromagnetic Coil Gun 3 Stage?
Send your college, deadline and team size. We confirm the scope, cost and what you will submit.