Mechanical · Pneumatic and hydraulic · Final year project
Pneumatic Powered Metal Pick and Place Arm Gripper
A metal pick-and-place arm driven by four pneumatic actuators. Four manual valves control the air to each actuator, moving the arm and gripper to lift and place objects.
What is the Pneumatic Powered Metal Pick and Place Arm Gripper project?
A metal pick-and-place arm driven by four pneumatic actuators. Four manual valves control the air to each actuator, moving the arm and gripper to lift and place objects.
Key facts
- Branch
- Mechanical & Automobile Engineering; also suits Mechatronics
- Type
- Final year project · Advanced
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 6 to 8 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹17,700 – ₹26,100
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Pneumatic Powered Metal Pick and Place Arm Gripper works
- The mild steel frame and fabrication forms the base that carries every other part, so it is designed first from the load and size of the machine.
- The Servo motor rotates to an exact angle, used for locks, arms and flaps.
- The Pneumatic cylinder converts compressed air into linear push-pull motion.
- Motion is transmitted through linkages, cam and lever parts, which set the speed, torque and direction at the working end.
- The Valves control the direction and flow of air or fluid.
- The Solenoid lock locks or unlocks the door when energised.
Block diagram
Power
Solenoid lockServo motorLi-ion battery packTransmission
Linkages, cam and lever partsWorking unit
Valves (solenoid / direction control)Linkages, cam and lever partsPneumatic cylinderStructure
Frame and mountsComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solenoid lock (12 V) | 1 | Locks or unlocks the door when energised. | ₹450 |
| Servo motor (MG996R / SG90) | 5 | Rotates to an exact angle, used for locks, arms and flaps. | ₹1,750 |
| Li-ion battery pack (18650 × 2 with holder) | 1 | Powers the portable device. | ₹450 |
| Valves (solenoid / direction control) | 1 | Control the direction and flow of air or fluid. | ₹900 |
| Mild steel frame and fabrication | 1 | Forms the main structure that holds all parts. | ₹2,500 |
| Linkages, cam and lever parts | 1 | Convert one type of motion into another. | ₹400 |
| Robotic arm frame and gripper kit | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹2,200 |
| Pneumatic cylinder | 1 | Converts compressed air into linear push-pull motion. | ₹1,800 |
| FRL unit (filter-regulator-lubricator) | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,500 |
| PU pipes and push-in fittings | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹700 |
| Air compressor (small) | 1 | Supplies compressed air. | ₹3,500 |
| Welding, cutting and machining labour | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹2,200 |
| Pneumatic Actuator | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Gripper Claw | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Piping | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹400* |
| Mounts, screws, nuts and small hardware | 1 | Enclosure, mounts and fasteners. | ₹300 |
| Paint, finishing and workshop consumables | 1 | Project overhead | ₹600 |
| Transport of material | 1 | Project overhead | ₹400 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹17,700 – ₹26,100 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting; items marked * depend on the exact size or model chosen. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹17,700 – ₹26,100 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
Mechanical viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Pneumatic Powered Metal Pick and Place Arm Gripper project?
A metal pick-and-place arm driven by four pneumatic actuators. Four manual valves control the air to each actuator, moving the arm and gripper to lift and place objects.
Explain the working of your project in short.
The mild steel frame and fabrication forms the base that carries every other part, so it is designed first from the load and size of the machine. The Servo motor rotates to an exact angle, used for locks, arms and flaps. The Pneumatic cylinder converts compressed air into linear push-pull motion. Motion is transmitted through linkages, cam and lever parts, which set the speed, torque and direction at the working end.
How does a solenoid lock work?
When current flows, the coil becomes an electromagnet and pulls the plunger in, releasing the latch. When current stops, the spring pushes the plunger back to lock.
How is a servo motor controlled?
With a PWM signal at 50 Hz. A pulse of 1 ms gives about 0°, 1.5 ms gives 90° and 2 ms gives 180°. The internal feedback potentiometer holds the angle.
Why use lithium-ion batteries?
They have high energy density, low self-discharge and no memory effect, so they suit portable devices. They need a protection circuit against overcharge and short circuit.
What does a 5/2 direction control valve mean?
It has 5 ports (one supply, two outlets and two exhausts) and 2 positions. Switching positions reverses which side of the cylinder receives air.
Why is mild steel used for the frame?
It is cheap, strong, easy to cut and weld and widely available. A frame of 25 mm square pipe is enough for most student models.
Which material did you select for the main parts and why?
Mild steel (MS) is used for the frame because it is strong, cheap, easy to cut and weld and available everywhere. Shafts are made of EN8 or bright mild steel for strength, and parts that do not carry load can be aluminium or acrylic to reduce weight.
What factor of safety did you take in your design?
A factor of safety of 2 to 3 is taken for static parts and 3 to 5 for parts under shock or fatigue loading. Allowable stress = yield strength ÷ factor of safety, and each part is checked against it.
How did you estimate the cost of the project?
The cost is the sum of raw material, bought-out parts, machining or fabrication and overheads. Our estimate for this model is about ₹17,700 to ₹26,100, depending on size, material and the workshop rates in your city.
Which manufacturing processes were used?
Cutting and grinding of sections, arc or MIG welding of the frame, drilling for mounting holes, followed by assembly, alignment and painting.
Is your system open-loop or closed-loop?
Mainly open-loop: the controller runs the actuators for a set time or number of steps. Adding a sensor for feedback would make it closed-loop and more accurate.
Related projects
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Want to build Pneumatic Powered Metal Pick and Place Arm Gripper?
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