E&TC / ECE · Robotics and drone · Final year project
Wireless Humanoid Bionic Arm on Robotic Vehicle
A humanoid arm on a robotic vehicle that copies the operator's hand movements. Sensor gloves on both hands send commands by RF, and the microcontroller drives the arm and the vehicle precisely.
What is the Wireless Humanoid Bionic Arm on Robotic Vehicle project?
A humanoid arm on a robotic vehicle that copies the operator's hand movements. Sensor gloves on both hands send commands by RF, and the microcontroller drives the arm and the vehicle precisely.
Key facts
- Branch
- Electronics & Telecommunication (E&TC / ECE); also suits Mechatronics
- Type
- Final year project · Advanced
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 6 to 8 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹11,100 – ₹16,400
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Wireless Humanoid Bionic Arm on Robotic Vehicle works
- 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer and Li-ion battery pack supply the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The Accelerometer-gyroscope measures tilt, motion and sudden impacts.
- The PIR motion sensor detects human movement from the change in infrared heat.
- The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
- The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
- The 433 MHz RF transmitter-receiver pair sends the remote's button press wirelessly to the receiver circuit.
- The Bluetooth module links the circuit to a smartphone app so the user can send commands or receive readings.
- The Servo motor rotates to an exact angle, used for locks, arms and flaps.
- The DC geared motor provides the driving motion.
- The Motor driver lets the low-current controller run the motors forward, reverse and at variable speed.
- The 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter shows readings, status and messages to the user.
Block diagram
Inputs
Accelerometer-gyroscopePIR motion sensorPush buttons and switchesController
ATmega328P microcontroller with base boardCommunication
433 MHz RF transmitter-receiver pairBluetooth moduleOutputs
Servo motorDC geared motorMotor driver16×2 LCD with I2C adapterComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATmega328P microcontroller with base board | 1 | Is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs. | ₹350 |
| Accelerometer-gyroscope (MPU6050) | 1 | Measures tilt, motion and sudden impacts. | ₹180 |
| PIR motion sensor (HC-SR501) | 1 | Detects human movement from the change in infrared heat. | ₹110 |
| Push buttons and switches | 2 | Provide manual inputs and the power switch. | ₹80 |
| 433 MHz RF transmitter-receiver pair | 1 | Sends the remote's button press wirelessly to the receiver circuit. | ₹150 |
| Bluetooth module (HC-05) | 1 | Links the circuit to a smartphone app so the user can send commands or receive readings. | ₹280 |
| Servo motor (MG996R / SG90) | 5 | Rotates to an exact angle, used for locks, arms and flaps. | ₹1,750 |
| DC geared motor | 2 | Provides the driving motion. | ₹500 |
| Motor driver (L298N) | 1 | Lets the low-current controller run the motors forward, reverse and at variable speed. | ₹180 |
| 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter | 1 | Shows readings, status and messages to the user. | ₹220 |
| LEDs (assorted) | 1 | Indicate status. | ₹20 |
| 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer | 1 | Supplies stable low-voltage power from the mains. | ₹250 |
| Li-ion battery pack (18650 × 2 with holder) | 1 | Powers the portable device. | ₹450 |
| Tank, nozzle and plumbing | 1 | Stores and delivers the fluid. | ₹450 |
| Robotic arm frame and gripper kit | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹2,200 |
| Robot chassis (metal / acrylic) | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,100 |
| Wheels / castor wheels | 4 | Allow the machine or vehicle to move. | ₹1,600 |
| Li-ion battery pack (18650 × 3, 11.1 V) with BMS | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,400 |
| Bionic ARM | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹150* |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Crystal oscillator, resistors (assorted), capacitors (assorted), transistors / MOSFETs, cables, connectors and jumper wires, diodes, PCB / breadboard and ICs and IC sockets. | ₹445 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹11,100 – ₹16,400 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting; items marked * depend on the exact size or model chosen. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹11,100 – ₹16,400 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Wireless Humanoid Bionic Arm on Robotic Vehicle project?
A humanoid arm on a robotic vehicle that copies the operator's hand movements. Sensor gloves on both hands send commands by RF, and the microcontroller drives the arm and the vehicle precisely.
Explain the working of your project in short.
12 V power adapter / step-down transformer and Li-ion battery pack supply the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The Accelerometer-gyroscope measures tilt, motion and sudden impacts. The PIR motion sensor detects human movement from the change in infrared heat. The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
Why is a microcontroller used in this project?
A microcontroller combines a CPU, memory and I/O pins on one chip, so a single low-cost IC can read sensors, make decisions in code and control loads without a computer.
How does an accelerometer detect a fall or accident?
It measures acceleration on three axes. A sudden spike above a threshold, followed by an unusual orientation, indicates a fall or collision.
How does a PIR sensor detect motion?
It has two pyroelectric elements that see infrared from different zones. When a warm body moves across them, the difference changes and the sensor gives a HIGH output.
Why is a pull-up resistor needed with a push button?
Without it the input pin floats and reads random values. The pull-up keeps it HIGH until the button connects it to ground.
Why are encoder and decoder ICs used with the RF module?
The HT12E encoder converts parallel button inputs into a serial code with an address, and the HT12D decoder on the receiver checks the address and restores the outputs. This prevents interference from other remotes.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the ATmega328P microcontroller with base board processes it according to the program, and the output section acts locally and sends the data or alert wirelessly. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
UART (serial) for the GSM, GPS, Bluetooth or fingerprint modules and I2C for the display, RTC or motion sensor (only SDA and SCL lines). Each protocol was chosen because the module supports it and it uses the fewest pins.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). The battery powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
Is your system open-loop or closed-loop?
Closed-loop: sensors measure the actual position, distance or condition and the controller corrects the actuators until the target is reached.
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