E&TC / ECE · Embedded and digital electronics · Final year project
Automatic Coil Winding Machine
A machine that winds transformer and motor coils automatically. The user enters the number of turns and core size; a DC motor rotates the bobbin while a stepper motor guides the wire evenly across it, stopping at the set turn count.
What is the Automatic Coil Winding Machine project?
A machine that winds transformer and motor coils automatically. The user enters the number of turns and core size; a DC motor rotates the bobbin while a stepper motor guides the wire evenly across it, stopping at the set turn count.
Key facts
- Branch
- Electronics & Telecommunication (E&TC / ECE); also suits Electrical, Mechatronics
- Type
- Final year project · Advanced
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 6 to 8 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹6,100 – ₹9,000
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Automatic Coil Winding Machine works
- 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The IR obstacle sensor module detects an object or line in front of it by reflected infrared light.
- The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
- The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
- The DC geared motor provides the driving motion.
- The Stepper motor with driver moves in precise steps for accurate positioning.
- The 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter shows readings, status and messages to the user.
Block diagram
Inputs
IR obstacle sensor modulePush buttons and switchesController
ATmega328P microcontroller with base boardOutputs
DC geared motorStepper motor with driver16×2 LCD with I2C adapterComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATmega328P microcontroller with base board | 1 | Is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs. | ₹350 |
| IR obstacle sensor module | 1 | Detects an object or line in front of it by reflected infrared light. | ₹45 |
| Push buttons and switches | 1 | Provide manual inputs and the power switch. | ₹40 |
| DC geared motor | 1 | Provides the driving motion. | ₹250 |
| Stepper motor with driver (NEMA17 + A4988) | 1 | Moves in precise steps for accurate positioning. | ₹900 |
| 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter | 1 | Shows readings, status and messages to the user. | ₹220 |
| 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer | 1 | Supplies stable low-voltage power from the mains. | ₹250 |
| Pulleys and V-belt | 1 | Transmit rotation between shafts. | ₹350 |
| Mild steel frame and fabrication | 1 | Forms the main structure that holds all parts. | ₹2,500 |
| Dummy Rollers | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹150* |
| Electrical & Wirings | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹150* |
| Supporting Rods | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹150* |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Resistors (assorted), diodes, PCB / breadboard, cables, connectors and jumper wires and enclosure, mounts and fasteners. | ₹590 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹6,100 – ₹9,000 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting; items marked * depend on the exact size or model chosen. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹6,100 – ₹9,000 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Automatic Coil Winding Machine project?
A machine that winds transformer and motor coils automatically. The user enters the number of turns and core size; a DC motor rotates the bobbin while a stepper motor guides the wire evenly across it, stopping at the set turn count.
Explain the working of your project in short.
12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The IR obstacle sensor module detects an object or line in front of it by reflected infrared light. The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch. The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
Why is a microcontroller used in this project?
A microcontroller combines a CPU, memory and I/O pins on one chip, so a single low-cost IC can read sensors, make decisions in code and control loads without a computer.
How does an IR obstacle sensor work?
An IR LED emits light and a photodiode receives the reflection. When an object is close, more light is reflected and the comparator (LM393) switches the output.
Why is a pull-up resistor needed with a push button?
Without it the input pin floats and reads random values. The pull-up keeps it HIGH until the button connects it to ground.
Why is a geared motor used?
The gearbox reduces speed and multiplies torque, so a small DC motor can move a vehicle or mechanism smoothly. Torque increases roughly by the gear ratio.
Why is a stepper motor used for positioning?
It moves a fixed angle per pulse (1.8° for NEMA17), so the controller knows the position by counting steps without a feedback sensor.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the ATmega328P microcontroller with base board processes it according to the program, and the output section displays the result and drives the actuators. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
I2C for the display, RTC or motion sensor (only SDA and SCL lines). Each protocol was chosen because the module supports it and it uses the fewest pins.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). A 12 V adapter powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
How did you calculate the power rating of your system?
Using P = V × I for each load, adding a margin of 20 to 25%.
Is your system open-loop or closed-loop?
Closed-loop: sensors measure the actual position, distance or condition and the controller corrects the actuators until the target is reached.
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