E&TC / ECE · GSM and GPS · Final year project
Combustible Gas Detection With GSM Alert Using PIC
A combustible gas detector with SMS alerts. A PIC microcontroller reads the gas sensor and, on detecting a leak, sounds a buzzer, shows a warning on the LCD and sends an SMS through a GSM modem.
What is the Combustible Gas Detection With GSM Alert Using PIC project?
A combustible gas detector with SMS alerts. A PIC microcontroller reads the gas sensor and, on detecting a leak, sounds a buzzer, shows a warning on the LCD and sends an SMS through a GSM modem.
Key facts
- Branch
- Electronics & Telecommunication (E&TC / ECE); also suits Instrumentation
- Domain
- GSM and GPS projects
- Type
- Final year project · Intermediate
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 4 to 6 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹2,700 – ₹4,000
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Combustible Gas Detection With GSM Alert Using PIC works
- 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The Gas / smoke sensor detects LPG, smoke and flammable gas leaks.
- The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
- The PIC16F877A microcontroller with board handles the control logic, ADC readings and output switching.
- The GSM module sends SMS alerts or makes calls to the registered phone number using a normal SIM card.
- The 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter shows readings, status and messages to the user.
- The Buzzer gives an audible alert.
- The LEDs indicate status.
Block diagram
Inputs
Gas / smoke sensorPush buttons and switchesController
PIC16F877A microcontroller with boardCommunication
GSM moduleOutputs
16×2 LCD with I2C adapterBuzzerLEDsComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| PIC16F877A microcontroller with board | 1 | Handles the control logic, ADC readings and output switching. | ₹380 |
| Gas / smoke sensor (MQ-2) | 1 | Detects LPG, smoke and flammable gas leaks. | ₹120 |
| Push buttons and switches | 2 | Provide manual inputs and the power switch. | ₹80 |
| GSM module (SIM800L) | 1 | Sends SMS alerts or makes calls to the registered phone number using a normal SIM card. | ₹450 |
| 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter | 1 | Shows readings, status and messages to the user. | ₹220 |
| Buzzer | 1 | Gives an audible alert. | ₹20 |
| LEDs (assorted) | 1 | Indicate status. | ₹20 |
| 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer | 1 | Supplies stable low-voltage power from the mains. | ₹250 |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Crystal oscillator, resistors (assorted), capacitors (assorted), transistors / MOSFETs, cables, connectors and jumper wires, diodes, PCB / breadboard and ICs and IC sockets. | ₹445 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹2,700 – ₹4,000 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹2,700 – ₹4,000 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Combustible Gas Detection With GSM Alert Using PIC project?
A combustible gas detector with SMS alerts. A PIC microcontroller reads the gas sensor and, on detecting a leak, sounds a buzzer, shows a warning on the LCD and sends an SMS through a GSM modem.
Explain the working of your project in short.
12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The Gas / smoke sensor detects LPG, smoke and flammable gas leaks. The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch. The PIC16F877A microcontroller with board handles the control logic, ADC readings and output switching.
What are the features of the PIC16F877A?
It is an 8-bit RISC microcontroller with 8 KB flash, 368 bytes RAM, 33 I/O pins, an 8-channel 10-bit ADC, two PWM modules, USART, SPI and I2C.
What is the principle of the MQ-2 gas sensor?
It has a tin dioxide (SnO2) layer heated by a small coil. When combustible gas is present, the layer's resistance falls, which raises the output voltage the controller reads.
Why is a pull-up resistor needed with a push button?
Without it the input pin floats and reads random values. The pull-up keeps it HIGH until the button connects it to ground.
How does the GSM module send an SMS?
The microcontroller sends AT commands over serial, for example AT+CMGF=1 to select text mode and AT+CMGS with the phone number followed by the message. The module transmits it over the mobile network.
Why is an I2C adapter used with the LCD?
It reduces the wiring from about 10 pins to 2 (SDA and SCL), leaving more controller pins free for sensors.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the PIC16F877A microcontroller with board processes it according to the program, and the output section acts locally and sends the data or alert wirelessly. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
UART (serial) for the GSM, GPS, Bluetooth or fingerprint modules, I2C for the display, RTC or motion sensor (only SDA and SCL lines) and analog inputs read by the ADC for the analog sensors. Each protocol was chosen because the module supports it and it uses the fewest pins.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). A 12 V adapter powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
What is the difference between accuracy and precision?
Accuracy is how close a reading is to the true value. Precision is how close repeated readings are to each other. A sensor can be precise but inaccurate if it is not calibrated.
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