E&TC / ECE · IoT · Final year project
IoT Based Heart Defect Monitoring System Using ECG
An ECG monitor that checks for heart defects and shares results online. An ATmega controller analyses the ECG signal against normal patterns and reports whether it looks normal or abnormal.
What is the IoT Based Heart Defect Monitoring System Using ECG project?
An ECG monitor that checks for heart defects and shares results online. An ATmega controller analyses the ECG signal against normal patterns and reports whether it looks normal or abnormal.
Key facts
- Branch
- Electronics & Telecommunication (E&TC / ECE); also suits Electrical, Instrumentation, Biomedical
- Domain
- IoT projects
- Type
- Final year project · Beginner to intermediate
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 3 to 4 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹2,700 – ₹4,000
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the IoT Based Heart Defect Monitoring System Using ECG works
- 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The ECG sensor module captures the electrical activity of the heart through chest or arm electrodes.
- The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
Block diagram
Inputs
ECG sensor moduleController
ATmega328P microcontroller with base boardNodeMCU ESP8266 Wi-Fi boardComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATmega328P microcontroller with base board | 1 | Is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs. | ₹350 |
| NodeMCU ESP8266 Wi-Fi board | 1 | Connects the system to Wi-Fi so readings can be pushed to an IoT dashboard and commands received from a phone. | ₹280 |
| ECG sensor module (AD8232) | 1 | Captures the electrical activity of the heart through chest or arm electrodes. | ₹750 |
| 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer | 1 | Supplies stable low-voltage power from the mains. | ₹250 |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Crystal oscillator, resistors (assorted), capacitors (assorted), diodes, cables, connectors and jumper wires and PCB / breadboard. | ₹345 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹2,700 – ₹4,000 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹2,700 – ₹4,000 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the IoT Based Heart Defect Monitoring System Using ECG project?
An ECG monitor that checks for heart defects and shares results online. An ATmega controller analyses the ECG signal against normal patterns and reports whether it looks normal or abnormal.
Explain the working of your project in short.
12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The ECG sensor module captures the electrical activity of the heart through chest or arm electrodes. The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
Why is a microcontroller used in this project?
A microcontroller combines a CPU, memory and I/O pins on one chip, so a single low-cost IC can read sensors, make decisions in code and control loads without a computer.
What is NodeMCU and how does it connect to the internet?
NodeMCU is a development board built on the ESP8266 Wi-Fi chip. It joins a Wi-Fi network using the SSID and password in the code and sends data over HTTP or MQTT to a cloud server.
What does the AD8232 do?
It amplifies and filters the very small ECG signal (about 1 mV) picked up by the electrodes, removing noise so the controller can read the waveform.
How is 230 V AC converted to 5 V DC for the circuit?
A transformer steps down the voltage, a bridge rectifier converts AC to pulsating DC, a capacitor smooths it and a 7805 regulator gives a steady 5 V.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the ATmega328P microcontroller with base board processes it according to the program, and the output section acts locally and sends the data or alert wirelessly. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
UART (serial) for the GSM, GPS, Bluetooth or fingerprint modules and analog inputs read by the ADC for the analog sensors. Each protocol was chosen because the module supports it and it uses the fewest pins.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). A 12 V adapter powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
How did you calculate the power rating of your system?
Using P = V × I for each load, adding a margin of 20 to 25%.
What is the difference between accuracy and precision?
Accuracy is how close a reading is to the true value. Precision is how close repeated readings are to each other. A sensor can be precise but inaccurate if it is not calibrated.
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