E&TC / ECE · Embedded and digital electronics · Final year project
Smart Shopping Trolley That Follows Customer
A shopping trolley that follows the customer automatically. IR and ultrasonic sensors track the shopper and an ATmega328 drives the motors, so the customer does not have to push the trolley.
What is the Smart Shopping Trolley That Follows Customer project?
A shopping trolley that follows the customer automatically. IR and ultrasonic sensors track the shopper and an ATmega328 drives the motors, so the customer does not have to push the trolley.
Key facts
- Type
- Final year project · Advanced
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 6 to 8 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹6,600 – ₹9,700
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Smart Shopping Trolley That Follows Customer works
- 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The Camera module captures images or video for recognition and monitoring.
- The IR obstacle sensor module detects an object or line in front of it by reflected infrared light.
- The Ultrasonic sensor measures distance to an obstacle or a liquid surface using sound echoes.
- The ATmega328P microcontroller with base board is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs.
- The Motor driver lets the low-current controller run the motors forward, reverse and at variable speed.
- The DC geared motor provides the driving motion.
Block diagram
Inputs
Camera moduleIR obstacle sensor moduleUltrasonic sensorController
ATmega328P microcontroller with base boardOutputs
Motor driverDC geared motorComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATmega328P microcontroller with base board | 1 | Is the brain of the circuit: it samples the sensors, compares readings with set limits and switches the outputs. | ₹350 |
| Camera module | 1 | Captures images or video for recognition and monitoring. | ₹650 |
| IR obstacle sensor module | 1 | Detects an object or line in front of it by reflected infrared light. | ₹45 |
| Ultrasonic sensor (HC-SR04) | 1 | Measures distance to an obstacle or a liquid surface using sound echoes. | ₹90 |
| Motor driver (L298N) | 1 | Lets the low-current controller run the motors forward, reverse and at variable speed. | ₹180 |
| DC geared motor | 2 | Provides the driving motion. | ₹500 |
| 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer | 1 | Supplies stable low-voltage power from the mains. | ₹250 |
| Wheels / castor wheels | 4 | Allow the machine or vehicle to move. | ₹1,600 |
| Robot chassis (metal / acrylic) | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,100 |
| Li-ion battery pack (18650 × 3, 11.1 V) with BMS | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,400 |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Resistors (assorted), capacitors (assorted), PCB / breadboard and cables, connectors and jumper wires. | ₹310 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹6,600 – ₹9,700 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹6,600 – ₹9,700 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
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Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Smart Shopping Trolley That Follows Customer project?
A shopping trolley that follows the customer automatically. IR and ultrasonic sensors track the shopper and an ATmega328 drives the motors, so the customer does not have to push the trolley.
Explain the working of your project in short.
12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The Camera module captures images or video for recognition and monitoring. The IR obstacle sensor module detects an object or line in front of it by reflected infrared light. The Ultrasonic sensor measures distance to an obstacle or a liquid surface using sound echoes.
Why is a microcontroller used in this project?
A microcontroller combines a CPU, memory and I/O pins on one chip, so a single low-cost IC can read sensors, make decisions in code and control loads without a computer.
How is the camera image processed?
Frames are captured and processed with OpenCV: converted to grayscale, filtered and passed to a detection or recognition model that labels faces, objects or number plates.
How does an IR obstacle sensor work?
An IR LED emits light and a photodiode receives the reflection. When an object is close, more light is reflected and the comparator (LM393) switches the output.
How does the ultrasonic sensor measure distance?
It sends a 40 kHz pulse and measures the time until the echo returns. Distance = (time × speed of sound 343 m/s) ÷ 2. The HC-SR04 works from 2 cm to about 4 m.
Why can't the motor be connected directly to the microcontroller?
A motor needs far more current (hundreds of mA to amps) than a controller pin can supply (about 20–40 mA). The H-bridge driver switches the motor current and allows direction control.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the ATmega328P microcontroller with base board processes it according to the program, and the output section displays the result and drives the actuators. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
The sensors give digital or analog signals read directly by the controller's I/O and ADC pins, and outputs are driven through transistor or relay drivers.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). The battery powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
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