E&TC / ECE · Robotics and drone · Final year project
Intelligent Surveillance and Night Patrolling using Drone
A surveillance drone for night patrols over large areas. It carries a camera that streams video to the security team, so one person can monitor a campus or site from a single place.
What is the Intelligent Surveillance and Night Patrolling using Drone project?
A surveillance drone for night patrols over large areas. It carries a camera that streams video to the security team, so one person can monitor a campus or site from a single place.
Key facts
- Branch
- Electronics & Telecommunication (E&TC / ECE); also suits Mechatronics
- Type
- Final year project · Advanced
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 6 to 8 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹23,800 – ₹35,000
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Intelligent Surveillance and Night Patrolling using Drone works
- Rechargeable battery supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The Camera module captures images or video for recognition and monitoring.
- The Arduino Uno R3 reads the inputs, runs the decision logic written in C/C++ and drives the outputs.
- The DC geared motor provides the driving motion.
- The Motor driver lets the low-current controller run the motors forward, reverse and at variable speed.
Block diagram
Inputs
Camera moduleController
Arduino Uno R3Outputs
DC geared motorMotor driverComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arduino Uno R3 | 1 | Reads the inputs, runs the decision logic written in C/C++ and drives the outputs. | ₹550 |
| Camera module | 1 | Captures images or video for recognition and monitoring. | ₹650 |
| DC geared motor | 2 | Provides the driving motion. | ₹500 |
| Motor driver (L298N) | 1 | Lets the low-current controller run the motors forward, reverse and at variable speed. | ₹180 |
| Rechargeable battery (12 V 1.3–7 Ah) | 1 | Stores energy and supplies power when mains is absent. | ₹650 |
| Drone frame (450 mm) with landing gear | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,800 |
| BLDC motor (1000 KV) with ESC | 4 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹4,600 |
| Flight controller (F4 / Pixhawk-class) | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹3,200 |
| LiPo battery 3S 2200-5200 mAh | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹2,800 |
| RC transmitter and receiver (6-channel) | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹5,200 |
| Propellers (set) | 2 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹600 |
| LiPo balance charger | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,600 |
| Robot chassis (metal / acrylic) | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,100 |
| Wheels / castor wheels | 4 | Allow the machine or vehicle to move. | ₹1,600 |
| Li-ion battery pack (18650 × 3, 11.1 V) with BMS | 1 | Needed for this type of build. | ₹1,400 |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Resistors (assorted), capacitors (assorted), PCB / breadboard and cables, connectors and jumper wires. | ₹310 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹23,800 – ₹35,000 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹23,800 – ₹35,000 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
No GST and no hidden charges. Use the cost calculator for a quote with your deadline and add-ons, or see all plans.
Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Intelligent Surveillance and Night Patrolling using Drone project?
A surveillance drone for night patrols over large areas. It carries a camera that streams video to the security team, so one person can monitor a campus or site from a single place.
Explain the working of your project in short.
Rechargeable battery supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The Camera module captures images or video for recognition and monitoring. The Arduino Uno R3 reads the inputs, runs the decision logic written in C/C++ and drives the outputs. The DC geared motor provides the driving motion.
What microcontroller is on the Arduino Uno and what are its key specifications?
The Uno uses the ATmega328P: 8-bit, 16 MHz clock, 32 KB flash, 2 KB SRAM, 14 digital I/O pins (6 PWM) and 6 analog inputs with a 10-bit ADC.
How is the camera image processed?
Frames are captured and processed with OpenCV: converted to grayscale, filtered and passed to a detection or recognition model that labels faces, objects or number plates.
Why is a geared motor used?
The gearbox reduces speed and multiplies torque, so a small DC motor can move a vehicle or mechanism smoothly. Torque increases roughly by the gear ratio.
Why can't the motor be connected directly to the microcontroller?
A motor needs far more current (hundreds of mA to amps) than a controller pin can supply (about 20–40 mA). The H-bridge driver switches the motor current and allows direction control.
How do you calculate battery backup time?
Backup time (hours) ≈ battery capacity (Ah) × voltage × 0.8 efficiency ÷ load power (W). For example, 12 V 7 Ah at 20 W gives about 3.3 hours.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the Arduino Uno R3 processes it according to the program, and the output section displays the result and drives the actuators. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
The sensors give digital or analog signals read directly by the controller's I/O and ADC pins, and outputs are driven through transistor or relay drivers.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). The battery powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
Is your system open-loop or closed-loop?
Closed-loop: sensors measure the actual position, distance or condition and the controller corrects the actuators until the target is reached.
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