E&TC / ECE · Security and safety system · Final year project
Motion Based Door Opener With Metal Detector
An automatic door with a built-in metal detector. A PIR sensor opens the door for approaching people, while a metal detector checks for metal objects they are carrying and raises an alert.
What is the Motion Based Door Opener With Metal Detector project?
An automatic door with a built-in metal detector. A PIR sensor opens the door for approaching people, while a metal detector checks for metal objects they are carrying and raises an alert.
Key facts
- Type
- Final year project · Intermediate
- Suitable for
- Diploma capstone and B.E / B.Tech final year
- Build time
- 4 to 6 weeks
- Estimated component cost
- ₹2,500 – ₹3,700
- Guidance from
- ₹9,999 (Hardware / IoT Final Year)
How the Motion Based Door Opener With Metal Detector works
- 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V.
- The PIR motion sensor detects human movement from the change in infrared heat.
- The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch.
- The 8051 microcontroller with board runs the embedded C program that scans inputs and controls the outputs through its four I/O ports.
- The 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter shows readings, status and messages to the user.
- The Buzzer gives an audible alert.
- The LEDs indicate status.
Block diagram
Inputs
PIR motion sensorPush buttons and switchesController
8051 microcontroller with boardOutputs
16×2 LCD with I2C adapterBuzzerLEDsComponents list and cost
Typical prices from Indian online stores and electronics markets (Lamington Road, Budhwar Peth, SP Road). Buy from one store where you can to save on shipping.
| Component | Qty | What it does | Approx. cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8051 (AT89S52) microcontroller with board | 1 | Runs the embedded C program that scans inputs and controls the outputs through its four I/O ports. | ₹300 |
| PIR motion sensor (HC-SR501) | 1 | Detects human movement from the change in infrared heat. | ₹110 |
| Push buttons and switches | 2 | Provide manual inputs and the power switch. | ₹80 |
| 16×2 LCD with I2C adapter | 1 | Shows readings, status and messages to the user. | ₹220 |
| Buzzer | 1 | Gives an audible alert. | ₹20 |
| LEDs (assorted) | 1 | Indicate status. | ₹20 |
| 12 V power adapter / step-down transformer | 1 | Supplies stable low-voltage power from the mains. | ₹250 |
| Metal Detector Coil | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹150* |
| Mini Door | 1 | Part from the design specification | ₹150* |
| Passive components, PCB and wiring kit | 1 | Crystal oscillator, resistors (assorted), capacitors (assorted), transistors / MOSFETs, cables, connectors and jumper wires, diodes, PCB / breadboard and ICs and IC sockets. | ₹445 |
| Wiring, PCB, soldering and enclosure | 1 | Project overhead | ₹450 |
| Demo model base / mounting board | 1 | Project overhead | ₹500 |
| Testing spares and replacements | 1 | Project overhead | ₹300 |
| Estimated total | Varies with brand, quality and city | ₹2,500 – ₹3,700 |
Prices are estimates for budgeting; items marked * depend on the exact size or model chosen. We confirm the bill of materials when your design is frozen, and components are charged at actual cost with bills.
How much does this project cost?
| Option | What you get | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Components only | You buy the parts and build it yourself | ₹2,500 – ₹3,700 |
| Hardware / IoT Final Year | Working model or guided build, Circuit diagram and bill of materials, Firmware / code with explanation | from ₹9,999 + components |
| Capstone Project (CPE) | Working project or model, Black book in MSBTE format, Step-by-step explanation | ₹9,999 + components |
| Diploma ITR | 100% working source code, Project report PDF, PPT | ₹1,999 + components |
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Download the project brief (PDF)
Summary, working, components and cost and viva questions on one branded PDF to show your guide or team. To get it developed, contact us on WhatsApp.
What you submit with this project
- Working model with circuit diagram and program code
- Project report or black book in your university's chapter order (block diagram, circuit, calculations, results)
- Presentation for the review and final viva
- Synopsis for topic approval, if your college asks for one
E&TC / ECE viva questions on this project
What is the aim of the Motion Based Door Opener With Metal Detector project?
An automatic door with a built-in metal detector. A PIR sensor opens the door for approaching people, while a metal detector checks for metal objects they are carrying and raises an alert.
Explain the working of your project in short.
12 V power adapter / step-down transformer supplies the circuit; a regulator gives the controller and sensors a steady 5 V. The PIR motion sensor detects human movement from the change in infrared heat. The Push buttons and switches provide manual inputs and the power switch. The 8051 microcontroller with board runs the embedded C program that scans inputs and controls the outputs through its four I/O ports.
What is the architecture of the 8051 microcontroller?
The 8051 is an 8-bit Harvard-architecture microcontroller with 4 KB ROM (8 KB in AT89S52), 128 bytes RAM, four 8-bit I/O ports, two 16-bit timers, a UART and five interrupt sources.
How does a PIR sensor detect motion?
It has two pyroelectric elements that see infrared from different zones. When a warm body moves across them, the difference changes and the sensor gives a HIGH output.
Why is a pull-up resistor needed with a push button?
Without it the input pin floats and reads random values. The pull-up keeps it HIGH until the button connects it to ground.
Why is an I2C adapter used with the LCD?
It reduces the wiring from about 10 pins to 2 (SDA and SCL), leaving more controller pins free for sensors.
What is the difference between an active and a passive buzzer?
An active buzzer has a built-in oscillator and beeps on DC. A passive buzzer needs a square wave from the controller, which allows different tones.
Explain the block diagram of your project.
The input section senses the real-world quantity, the 8051 microcontroller with board processes it according to the program, and the output section displays the result and drives the actuators. The power supply section feeds every block.
Which communication protocols are used between the modules?
I2C for the display, RTC or motion sensor (only SDA and SCL lines). Each protocol was chosen because the module supports it and it uses the fewest pins.
What is the operating voltage of the circuit?
The controller and most sensors work at 5 V (ESP boards and some modules at 3.3 V). A 12 V adapter powers the board, and a regulator steps it down. Motors and relays get their own supply line so they do not reset the controller.
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Want to build Motion Based Door Opener With Metal Detector?
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